PHYSICAL THERAPY TOOLS IN THE PREVENTION AND REHABILITATION OF ELDERLY PEOPLE WITH SARCOPENIA: AN ANALYTICAL REVIEW

Abstract

Purpose of the work: analysis of practical experience in the use of physical therapy for the prevention of development and rehabilitation of elderly people with sarcopenia.
Materials and methods: analysis and systematization of modern domestic and foreign literature in order to identify anatomical and physiological changes arising from the development of sarcopenia, disclosure of the main reasons for its development, determination of key indicators and clinical signs by which a rehabilitation diagnosis is established in accordance with ICD-10 and international classification of functioning (ICF), as well as the study of the experience of modern practitioners on the main strategies of rehabilitation intervention, where the main tool is physical exercise.
Results. The problem of sarcopenia, as one of the common diseases of the elderly, is quite relevant today, because its development leads to a deterioration in the quality of life, an increase in the risk of disability and premature mortality. Sarcopenia is understood as a condition of the body characterized by progressive and generalized loss of muscle mass and strength. More often it develops in the elderly, and is associated with natural age-related changes in the body, existing diseases and characteristics of life, in particular the level of daily physical activity, nutritional characteristics. The main diagnostic indicators of sarcopenia are muscle strength, muscle mass, and physical performance. It has been scientifically proven that the systematic implementation of physical activity adequate to the functional capabilities of the body can be used as an effective means of preventing sarcopenia, regardless of a person’s age. Among the main types of exercises that can be included in the health-improving physical culture program, there are aerobic and strength exercises. In accordance with the aerobic nature, it helps to stimulate the whole body tissue of people, to develop the cardio-respiratory system, to promote vitality, as well as to play a key role in metabolic control, but not to stimulate the health Obligatory for the improvement of indicators of muscle strength є power to the right of different types. Vikonannya is entitled to the support of the last middle-class to play the main role in the development of hypertrophy and advanced power indicators of great music groups. The most effective in the development of the power or the appearance of the harvest. It is especially important for the growth of strength indicators and the development of muscle hypertrophy.
Prospects for further research are seen in the formation of a categorical profile of elderly patients with sarcopenia, as well as setting a global goal of rehabilitation intervention, defining long-term and short-term goals in SMART format.