THE ROLE OF COFFEE IN ENHANCING PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE: A SCIENTIFIC ANALYSIS

Abstract

Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages globally and has become a popular means to enhance physical performance. Its key ingredient, caffeine, is widely recognized for its ergogenic effects. However, coffee also contains other bioactive compounds such as chlorogenic acids, polyphenols, and antioxidants, which are not fully understood in their interaction with physical performance. This article reviews the existing scientific literature on the impact of coffee on both aerobic and anaerobic endurance, muscle strength, recovery time post-exercise, and metabolic processes. Through an in-depth analysis of the literature, this article explores how coffee may benefit athletes, but stresses the need for further clinical trials to establish optimal dosages and consumption schedules. Additionally, the study examines how coffee interacts with other ergogenic supplements, including its potential effects on neurophysiological aspects such as cognitive endurance, reaction times, and concentration during exercise and competition. Special attention is also given to the role of coffee in fat oxidation, glycogen resynthesis, and its anti-fatigue effects. The article further delves into the individual variability in response to coffee, including genetic predisposition, habitual caffeine intake, and gender differences, all of which may influence its efficacy as an ergogenic aid. The findings underscore the necessity for more targeted research to create evidence-based guidelines for athletes and physically active individuals seeking to optimize performance through coffee consumption. This study highlights the ongoing gaps in understanding coffee’s full ergogenic potential, particularly its broader biochemical effects, and sets the stage for more precise, targeted research. Such insights could help refine practical recommendations for its use in sports nutrition and overall physical conditioning.