THE FORMATION OF COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCIES IN TECHNICAL HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS IN THE PROCESS OF LEARNING FOREIGN LANGUAGES

Abstract

This article is devoted to the problem of developing communicative competences among students of technical specialties when learning a foreign language, which is extremely important in the modern globalized world. The authors consider the key aspects of communicative competence, namely: grammatical, sociolinguistic, discursive, and strategic, offering a variety of practical tasks and tools for their development. The article defines the main concepts, emphasizing the importance of not only having grammatical knowledge but also the ability to use a foreign language in various social and professional contexts for students. Subsequently, some methods and exercises for improving grammatical competence are considered, including gap-filling tasks, using conditional sentences, describing technical processes, debates and translation. The authors pay special attention to the development of sociolinguistic competence. They offer tasks that simulate real situations of professional communication, such as negotiations with international colleagues, culturally conditioned presentations, and analysis of speech acts, and the development of business correspondence. The article also covers aspects of the development of discursive competence. It offers exercises on creating coherent and logical texts, describing technical processes, and writing instructions and technical reports. The importance of the ability to build clear arguments and propose solutions through group discussions is especially emphasized. Finally, strategic competence is considered and tools are proposed for developing the ability to compensate for language deficiencies, such as: paraphrasing games, clarification tasks, situational exercises, role-plays, and the use of visual aids. In general, the authors provide a comprehensive approach to the development of communicative competences when learning a foreign language, offering a wide range of practical tasks aimed at forming the skills necessary for successful professional activity in the technical field. It emphasizes the need to integrate grammatical knowledge, social awareness, logical thinking and strategic communication skills.