PREREQUISITES FOR THE EMERGENCE AND FORMATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL PRACTICAL SHOOTING CONFEDERATION (IPSC)

Abstract

The article is devoted to highlighting the historical prerequisites for the emergence of practical shooting as a sport and the formation of the International Practical Shooting Confederation (IPSC). The purpose of the study is to determine the prerequisites for the emergence of practical shooting as a sport and the development of the International Practical Shooting Confederation (IPSC).The work highlights the origins of practical shooting in the 1950s–1960s in the USA, which are due to the need to adapt shooting training to new technical capabilities of firearms and its practical application. The history is described from the post-war shooting initiatives in the USA and the creation of an international organization in 1976 to the present day. The author’s periodization of the development of the International Practical Shooting Confederation (IPSC) is proposed, which consists of four stages: the formation of ideas and main principles of practical shooting; the creation of the confederation; development and geographical expansion; modernization and current state. The first stage (1950–1976) is characterized by the establishment of the main principles of the development of practical shooting, the holding of the first official competitions, the beginning of the formation of an international community and centers, the holding of the first World Championship in 1975. The second stage (1976–1993) is the creation of the International Practical Shooting Confederation (IPSC), the creation of rules, statutes and other documents, the formation of new centers, i.e. national federations for practical shooting, the introduction of new divisions in pistol shooting, the use of various types of sighting devices. The third stage (1993–2000) is the creation and approval of international rules, the introduction of an official system of classification of shooters, cooperation with other organizations and the use of practical shooting in the system of applied application. The fourth stage (starting in 2000 – until now) is characterized by the holding of international competitions, namely official world championships in various disciplines of “rifle” and “shotgun”, the emergence of new modern models of material and technical equipment for the educational and training process and the holding of competitions, the creation of a system of multi-year training. The training of athletes takes place in accordance with the four-year Olympic cycle, the division of divisions by age and gender, changes to the rules of competitions in all disciplines of practical shooting, the holding of a large number of competitions of all levels.The proposed periodization reflects the logical stages of the formation and expansion of the activities of the International Practical Shooting Confederation (IPSC). Analysis of the sources allowed us to clearly establish the gradualness of its development from a small initiative of enthusiasts to a global sports structure with a developed infrastructure and a multi-level competition system.The role of technical progress, practical significance, introduction of new competitive exercises and educational and training approaches are analyzed. The results of the study will contribute to a deeper understanding of the formation of practical shooting as a sport and the emergence of the International Practical Shooting Confederation (IPSC), its importance in the international and national sports space of modern Ukraine.