ALEXANDER MIKHAILOVICH SHUMLYANSKY (1748-1795) ON THE IMPROVEMENT OF TEACHING AT THE HIGHER MEDICAL SCHOOL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24144/2077-6594.4.1.2022.277084Keywords:
history of medicine, Public Health (Medical Police), A.M. Shumlyansky, late 18th centuryAbstract
Goal of research: find out the history of the appearance of the book by A.M. Shumlyansky about improving the teaching of medicine – «The Opinion of a Lover of Truth Concerning the Correction of the Most Useful Science for Men» (1787), as well as to analyze its content, and thus close the gap in the Professor’s biography.
Materials and methods. Historical sources for this work were published materials. Many of them have not been used by the biographers of A.M. Shumlyansky yet. The article uses the historical method of research as the main one.
Results. For the first time it was found out: who was the initiator of A.M. Shumlyansky’s business trip abroad; the time of his stay there; travel itinerary. Finally, for the first time, the contents of his book, which he wrote following the results of a trip abroad, were revealed.
Conclusions. From March 1785 to August 1786 A.M. Shumlyansky was on a business trip abroad, where he was sent by the government to collect materials on the establishment of higher medical education. The initiator and organizer of that trip was P.V. Zavadovsky. He visited Vienna, Paris, London. The doctor’s return journey passed through Holland and Prussia. The result of that trip was his book of 1787. The book proposes a coherent system of sciences, which should be the basis of teaching in higher medical school. He foresaw further development of higher medical education system. In his system, due attention was paid to hygiene. He was the first in the Russian Empire to point out the need to include Medical Police among the disciplines taught.
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