MECHANIC-MATHEMATICAL SIMULATION DURING TREATMENT PATIENTS WITH OPEN-BITE

Abstract

Purpose. The goal is to improve the process of open bite treatment based on the analysis of mechanical aspects of the functioning of the tooth-jaw system of the patient. Material and methods. The subject of the study is a system consisting of a patient’s tooth-jaw apparatus and orthodontic devices used during orthodontic treatment of open bite and retention. The research was carried out by the methods of theoretical mechanics. In the course of research, they neglected the deformation of individual elements of the system under the influence of orthodontic forces. Results. The mechanic-mathematical simulation of the stressed state system, consisting of the dental maxillary apparatus and the orthodontic device installed on it, was carried out. The mathematical formulas for calculation of supporting reactions of the upper jaw to the lower, arising under the action of the force that creates an orthodontic device are obtained. It is shown that the supporting reactions cause skeletal and dentoalveolar rearrangement of the dentognathic apparatus, and their magnitude depends not only on the magnitude of the orthodontic effort, but also on the angle of its application.
Conclusions. An open bite is often combined with other tooth-jaw abnormalities, which causes the need for a complex change in the form of dental arches in three mutually perpendicular planes. Treatment and retention of open- bite is carried out with the help of orthodontic devices that have elastic elements and create orthodontic efforts for skeletal reconstruction of the dental maxillary apparatus and dental-alveolar correction of dental arteries. For the effective treatment of the open-bite, it is necessary to correctly determine the magnitude, direction and place of application of the vector of orthodontic effort. The mechanical-mathematical modeling of the stressed state of the tooth-jaw machine orthodontic apparatus allows us to calculate the magnitude and angle of application of the orthodontic effort, which creates supporting reactions aimed at the skeletal and tooth-alveolar reconstruction of the tooth-jaw system.