The qualitative determination of the antibacterial substances releasing by osteoplastic materials used in dentistry and maxillo-facial surgery
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/2786-7684/2024-2-10Keywords:
dentistry, bone tissue, bone graft (osteoplastic) materials, antibiotics, long-term emissionAbstract
Introduction. Osteoplastic (bone substitute) materials are medical products that are used in various fields of medicine, and stomatology is in third place in the world by the level of their consumption. Clinical use of osteoplastic materials always has risks of wound infection with pathogenic and opportunistic microflora due to possible contamination of the operative field. The pharmacokinetics of antibacterial agents incorporated into osteoplastic materials is a poorly studied issue in medicine and dentistry in particular. Research methodology and methods. The study aims to check the duration of the antibiotics release from osteoplastic materials used in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery, after the previous exposure of the materials in the antibiotic solutions, by using the qualitative test. The three materials (“Biomin GT”, “easy-graft CLASSIC 150” and “InterOss” (1–2 mm)) after daily exposure in solutions of gentamicine sulfate 4.0%, ofloxacine 5.0%, metronidazole 5.0% and chloramphenicol 5.0% and subsequent drying were placed in distilled water. Antibiotic residues in water was determined on the 2nd, 5th, 10th, and 30th days (with water replacement). To determine antibiotics in solutions, an express test, “Charm CowSide® II” (specialized for detection of residues of antibiotics and inhibitors (antiseptics and detergents) in milk), was used. Presentation of the main research material. The study results showed that long-term release of antibiotics (30 days) was observed when using a gentamicin sulfate solution and ofloxacin solution. Residues of metronidazole and chloramphenicol were detected inclusively until the second day of the experiment. The applied test system is highly sensitive to gentamicin sulfate and ofloxacin and less sensitive to the other two substances. Also, partial inactivation of metronidazole and chloramphenicol in interaction with the substance of osteoplastic material cannot be excluded. The processes of interaction of certain antibiotics with bone substitute materials of natural and artificial origin require further study. Conclusions. The performed tests for the qualitative determination of antibiotic residues in osteoplastic materials allow us to confirm the long-term release of the active substance (up to 30 days) by materials of natural and artificial origin when using a solution of gentamicin sulfate and ofloxacin. The interaction of metronidazole and chloramphenicol with osteoplastic materials requires further study.
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