COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENT METHODS OF CLOSING THE OROANTRAL JUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC SINUSITIS

Abstract

Introduction. Oroantral junction (OAJ) is a complex pathological condition that occurs as a result of traumatic injuries, surgical interventions, or inflammatory processes in the area of the maxillary sinus. In the absence of timely treatment, this condition can lead to chronic odontogenic sinusitis and other serious complications. In modern surgical dentistry, new reconstructive techniques are actively introduced, aimed at effective closure of the OAJ while minimizing postoperative risks.Purpose of the study: Analysis of modern approaches to the complex treatment of the oroantral junction, assessment of their effectiveness, and determination of optimal strategies aimed at restoring tissue integrity.Materials and methods. The study included 17 patients with chronic odontogenic sinusitis complicated by OAJ. The main group consisted of 8 patients who underwent surgery using the new technique, and the control group consisted of 9 patients who underwent treatment using the standard technique. The duration of surgical intervention, the frequency of intra- and postoperative complications, the presence of scar deformities, paresthesias, the healing rate, the general condition of the soft tissues, and the comfort of patients during the rehabilitation period were evaluated.Results of the study and their discussion. According to the results of clinical analysis, it was found that the innovative technique provides fewer postoperative complications, in particular, bleeding occurred in only 12% of cases (versus 33% in the control group), edema was absent in the main group (present in 20% of the control), the frequency of paresthesia was 12.5% versus 33%, respectively. Tissue healing in patients in the main group was observed on average 3–4 days faster, and the absence of pronounced cicatricial changes in the intervention area was also noted. However, the technique requires high manual training of the (краще, кваліфікації) surgeon and cannot be used in cases of insufficient thickness of the palatal layer or when the defect is localized in the area of wisdom teeth.Conclusions. The proposed technique of OAJ plastic surgery demonstrates high clinical efficacy, reduces the incidence of complications, improves functional and aesthetic results, and shortens the rehabilitation period. It is a promising alternative to traditional surgical techniques and deserves further study and implementation in the practice of reconstructive dentistry.