Efficiency of antiseptic drugs on isolates from complicated gunshot wounds in in vitro studies

Abstract

Introduction. Antiseptic topical preparations play a significant role in prevention and treatment of inflammatory processes of various etiologies. Isolates of wound infections, especially gunshot wounds, are characterised by increased resistance to antimicrobial agents. Timely treatment of the wound with an effective antiseptic agent can in many cases prevent wound infection at the stage of medical emergency treatment. Therefore, the choice of the antimicrobial antiseptic drug is extremely important for the correct strategy of complex antimicrobial therapy. Objective. The objective of our study was to investigate the susceptibility of isolates from complicated wounds to antiseptic drugs most commonly used in surgical practice. Materials and methods. For this purpose, a swab was taken from the wound surface using a FLmedical sterile transport system (Italy). Typical museum cultures of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 19615, Candida albicans ATCC 885-653, and clinical isolates: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and Candida glabrata were used for the study. The following commercial Ukrainianmade antiseptic products were used in the study: Decamethoxin (Decasan, Yuria-Pharm LLC, Ukraine), Povidone-iodine (Betadine, EGIS Pharmaceutical Plant CJSC, Hungary), Dioxidin (Dioxidin, Farmak JSC, Ukraine), Coutasept (BODE Chemie GmbH, Germany), Chlorhexidine (DKP Pharmaceutical Factory LLC, Ukraine) and Miramistin (Miramistin, Darnytsia Pharmaceutical Firm PJSC, Ukraine). Results. The microorganisms isolated from the wound surface were found to be sensitive to three antiseptics: Povidone-iodine, Dioxidin and Decametoxin. Four of the antiseptics used in the experiment showed a wide range of antimicrobial activity on museum and clinical isolates. A high level of antimicrobial action was observed under the influence of Povidone-iodine. Decamethoxin was also characterised by a broad antimicrobial activity, although it had virtually no antimicrobial effect on Klebsiella spp. Dioxidin also had a broad spectrum of antimicrobial effects on wound isolates, though it was not found to inhibit the growth of pyogenic streptococcus in vitro. The lowest activity was observed for Miramistin and Chlorhexidine. Dioxidin was effective against gram-negative multidrug-resistant bacteria of the Pseudomonas spp., Klebsiella spp. and Acinetobacter spp. genera. Conclusions. The studies have shown that antiseptic drugs are characterised by selectivity of action on microorganisms. The correct choice of the antiseptic preparation is an important stage of treatment and in some cases it can be decisive in the conduct of antimicrobial therapy.