DISORDERS OF THE UPPER MOTOR NEURON IN PATIENTS AFTER STROKE IN THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICAL THERAPY

Abstract

The aim to analyze and generalize the clinical features of the syndrome of upper motor neuron disorder in persons after stroke, the main specific tests in the practice of physical therapy in this pathology.
Materials and methods: analysis and synthesis of scientific literature, own clinical observations.
Results. Clinical features of UMN syndrome can be divided into two major groups – negative (loss of selectivity, weakness, rheological changes in spastic muscle, loss of muscle elasticity, contracture, fibrosis, atrophy) and positive phenomena (spasticity, increased muscle tone, revival of tendon reflexes, clonus).
The main scale that shows the level of spasticity at the level of the structure is the Ashford scale. Other scales will help us to measure violations at the level of function and participation. But before choosing a clinical method to study the degree of the disorder, you need to understand what exactly affects the normal functioning of the limb and how much this disorder affects the degree of patient involvement. Such criteria may be: walking speed, self-care, pain, frequency of spasms, mobility, contractures, active hand activity.
Conclusions. Recovery of patients after stroke with increased muscle tone and pain is important in the comprehensive treatment of this category of patients and requires compliance with certain principles and rules. One of the most important conditions for improving the effectiveness of rehabilitation is to reduce pain and spasticity after a stroke.