NORTHERN RED OAK (QUERCUS RUBRA L.) AFFECTS ON REFORESTATION PROCESSES OF THE MAIN FOREST-FORMING TREE SPECIES IN THE FOREST STANDS OF THE MIDDLE REACHES OF THE UZH RIVER BASIN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/1998-6475.2023.55.62-67Keywords:
natural reforestation, Quercus rubra L., invasion, main forest-forming tree species, Uzhhorod forestryAbstract
The article contains the results of studying the influence of northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) on the reforestation processes of the main forest-forming tree species in the forest stands of the middle reaches of the Uzh River. The forest stands with at least 3 units of northern red oak in the stand composition were studied. The analysis of the results of accounting of woody plants' undergrowth in the studied forests shows a rather intensive natural renewal of red oak, which ranges from 46.0–449.0 thousand pieces per ha. In the vast majority of cases, the undergrowth is up to 0.5 m high. The proportions of undergrowth of the main forest-forming tree species are insignificant and average 2.1% for common beech, 3.1% for sessile oak, 4.2% for sycamore, 1.6% for hornbeam, and 1.4% for small-leaved lime. It has been established that the process of natural regeneration is most intensive on the southern slopes, where the number of red oak undergrowth ranges from 46.0–449.0 thousand pieces per ha. The lowest intensity of natural regeneration was found on the northern slopes. The analysis of the distribution of undergrowth by height groups shows that in all the studied areas, the undergrowth up to 0.5 m high prevails and its share averages 85.9% and varies from 43.0–100%, the share of undergrowth 0.51–1.5 m high averages 10.4% and the undergrowth above 1.5 m – 3.7%. The main negative factor affecting the formation of the undergrowth of the main forest-forming species (sessile oak and common beech) is the undergrowth of northern red oak, which is due to the peculiarity of some elements of the reproductive biology of this species (reproduction in young age, frequency and abundance of fruiting) and its high competitiveness. A significant number of individuals of red oak undergrowth under the stand canopy is one of the important reasons for the suppression of natural regeneration of the main forest-forming species, and the reduced representation of these and other native species in the undergrowth.
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