Anthocyanins from berries fruits and their protective effect in the plasmid DNA damage
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24144/1998-6475.2019.46-47.48-53Keywords:
antimutagenic activity, anthocyanins, berry fruit, mitomycin C, plant extracts.Abstract
Anthocyanins as secondary metabolites of berry fruit represent a large number of positive health effects. The physiological effect of polyphenols is a function of their chemical nature and bioavailability. Protective action is linked to their antioxidant, antimutagenic and anticancer activity. The aim of the studies was to determine the effect of ethanol and acetone extracts from berries of the fruits of Vaccinium myrtilus L., Sambucus nigra L., and Aronia melanocarpa L. on mitomycin C-induced plasmid DNA damage. We evaluated the protective effect of ethanol and acetone extracts of Vaccinium myrtilus, Sambucus nigra, and Aronia melanocarpa berry fruits in concentrations of 50, 25 and 10 μg.×ml-1 to plasmid DNA damage induced by mitomycin C, the protective effect of anthocyanins consisted in the formation of copigmentic complex. Anthocyanins inhibited the formation and release of peroxide radicals. We found that V. myrtillus ethanol extract (50 μg/ml) showed the best protective effect on plasmid DNA. The antioxidant and antimutagenic effect of anthocyanins is based on the free radical elimination. The effect was evaluated using horizontal agarose electrophoresis.
References
BOATENG, J., VERGHESE, M., SHACKELFORD, L., WALKER, L. T., KHATIWADA, J. OGUTU, S., WILLIAMS, D. S., JONES, J., WASHINGTON, S., CHAWAN, C.B. (2007) Selected fruits reduce azoxymethane (AOM)-induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in Fisher 344 male rats, Food and Chemical Toxicology, 45(5): 725-732. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2006.10.019.
BRATU, M.M., DOROFTEI, E., NEGREANUPIRJOL, T., HOSTINA, C.. PORTA, S. (2012) Determination of Antioxidant Activity and Toxicity of Sambucus nigra Fruit Extract Using Alternative Methods, Journal of Food Biotechnology, 50(2): 177-182.
GASIOROWSKI, K., SZYBA, K., BROKOS, B., KOLACZYNSKA, B., JANKOWIAKWLODARCZYK, M., OSZMIANSKI, J. (1997) Antimutagenic activity of anthocyanins isolated from Aronia melanocarpa fruits, Cancer Letters, 119(1): 37-46. doi:10.1016/s0304-3835(97)00248-6.
JAKOBEK, L., SNERUGA, M., MEDVIDOVICKOSALOVIC, M., NOVAK, I. (2007) Anthocyanin content and antioxidant activity of various juices. Deutsch Leebensmitlel-Rundschau, 103(2): 58-64. doi:http://bib.irb.hr/datoteka/210741.Jakobek_et_al_ DLR_10322007.58-64.PDF.
KONG, J.M., CHIA, L.S., GOH, N.K., CHIA, T.F., BROUILLARD, R. (2003) Analysis and biological activities of anthocyanins. Phytochemistry, 64(5): 923-933. doi:org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00438-2.
LAK, E., RANJBAR, R., NAJAFZADEH, H., MOROVVATI, H., KHAKSARY, M. (2011) Protective Effect of Sambucus Extract on Teratogenicity of Albendazole. Journal of World Applied Sciences, 15(5): 643-646.
LAZZÉ, M.C., PIZZALA, R., SAVIO, M., STIVALA, L.A., PROSPERI, E., BIANCHI, L. (2003) Anthocyanins protect against DNA damage induced by tert-butyl-hydroperoxide in rat smooth muscle and hepatoma cells. Mutation Research, 535(1): 103-115. doi.org/10.1016/S1383- 5718(02)00285-1.
LEBA, L.J, BRUNSCHWIG, C., SAOUT, M. (2014) Optimization of a DNA nicking assay to evaluate Oenocarpus bataua and Camellia sinensis antioxidant capacity. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 15(10): 18023-18039. doi:10.3390/ijms151018023 PANDEY, K.J., RIZVI, S.I. (2009) Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2(5): 270–278. doi:10.4161/oxim.2.5.9498.
SARMA, A.D., SARMA, R., (1999) Anthocyanin-DNA copigmentation complex: mutual protection against oxidative damage. Phytochemistry, 52(7); 1313- 1318. Available from: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S00 31942299004276.
STAGOS, D., KAZANTZOGLOU, G., MAGIATIS, P., MITAKU, S., ANAGNOSTOPOULOS, K., KOURETAS, D. (2005) Effects of plant phenolics and grape extracts from Greek varieties of Vitis vinifera on Mitomycin C and topoisomerase Iinduced nicking of DNA. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 15(6): 1013-1022. doi:10.3892/ijmm.15.6.1013.
TRAMER, F., MOZE, S., ADEMOSUN, A.O., PASSAMONTI, S., CVOROVIC, J. (2012) Dietary Anthocyanins: Impact on Colorectal Cancer and Mechanisms of Action. Available from: http://www.intechopen.com/books/colorectal-cancerfrom- prevention-to-patient-care/dietaryanthocyaninsimpact- on-colorectal-cancer-andmechanisms- of-action doi:10.5772/27678
YAMAGISHI, M., OSAKABE, N., NATSUME, M., ADACHI, T., TAKIZAWA, T., KUMON, H., OSAWA, T. (2001) Anticlastogenic activity of cacao: inhibitory effect of cacao liquor polyphenols against mitomycin C-induced DNA damage. Food Chemical Toxicology, 39(12): 1279-1283. doi:10.1016/s0278-6915(01)00076-x.
WOJDYLO, A., OSZMIAŃSKI, J., CZEMERYS, R. (2007) Antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds in 32 selected herbs. Food Chemistry, 105: 940-949. doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.04.038.
