JUSTIFICATION OF THE METHODS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAINING OF ORIENTEERING ATHLETES AT THE STAGE OF PRELIMINARY BASIC TRAINING

Abstract

The research substantiates the methods of psychological training of athletes engaged in sports orienteering, in particular at the stage of their preliminary basic training. It has been established that psychological preparation in sports orientation solves two main tasks, namely: improving psychological readiness to bear significant training loads; formation of readiness to participate in competitions and fierce competition for the championship. Typical variants of methods of psychological influence on the personality of orienteering athletes, which are most often used by their coaches, have been studied. Based on the analysis of literary sources and data obtained during the observation of training sessions, six methods of psychological training were singled out, which were further divided into two groups. Their effectiveness was tested in real conditions of the training and competition process. In the course of the experiment, the effectiveness of two sets of experimental methods of psychological training of orienteering athletes was proven, which included methods of autogenic training (concentration of attention, regulation of psycho- emotional arousal, overcoming complexes of insecurity and fear) and ideomotor training (correction of muscle tension, analysis of the technique of performing motor tasks, imaginary passing the main sections of the distance). The obtained results confirmed the previous hypothesis that in the initial stages of training the usage of two groups of psychological training methods for sports orienteering by running allows orienteering athletes to better concentrate their attention when orienting on the terrain and to find the set control points faster during the competition. Generally, the proposed method of psychological training is able to ensure the achievement of better results in sports orientation.