CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS FOR DEVELOPING LEXICAL-SEMANTIC SKILLS IN OLDER PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH GENERAL SPEECH UNDERDEVELOPMENT THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION

Abstract

The author investigates the conceptual foundations for developing lexical-semantic skills in older preschool children with general speech underdevelopment (GSU) through environmental education. GSU is a complex systemic disorder affecting all components of the language system, significantly hindering children's readiness for school and their social adaptation. Lexical-semantic skills are essential in this process, enabling children to accurately select, combine, and use words in various contexts. The research underscores the importance of employing environmental education tools in corrective and developmental work with children who have GSU, such as nature-themed games, stories, and exercises. These tools not only build knowledge about the world but also enhance cognitive, motor, and speech abilities. The study outlines a three-stage methodology for developing these skills: preparatory- corrective, main, and analytical. During the preparatory-corrective stage, the focus is on expanding children's vocabulary through the introduction of natural concepts, synonyms, antonyms, and polysemous words. The main stage is dedicated to improving the ability to express thoughts accurately, choose appropriate vocabulary according to the content and context, and systematize and generalize the acquired knowledge. The analytical stage evaluates the outcomes of the corrective work and assesses the progress in the development of lexical-semantic skills in children with GSU. This methodology not only supports speech development but also fosters environmental consciousness, teaching children to adopt a responsible attitude towards nature and the environment. By integrating educational content focused on nature and ecology, the approach contributes to both linguistic progress and the cultivation of an ecologically aware mindset, equipping children with the skills needed for effective communication and a deep understanding of the natural world.