EXPERIMENT IN PSYCHOLOGICAL-PEDAGOGICAL RESEARCH

Abstract

The article examines the essence, types and features of pedagogical and psychological-pedagogical experiment as a leading method of scientific research in education. Its role in testing hypotheses, establishing cause-and-effect relationships and forming new theoretical positions is determined. The goal is formulated, which consists in conceptually revealing the content of the concept of «experiment in psychological-pedagogical research» and implementing its systemic characteristics. It is established that psychological-pedagogical experiment is interpreted as a scientifically substantiated and carefully planned system of organizing the pedagogical process, aimed at obtaining new pedagogical knowledge, testing and confirming previously formulated scientific assumptions and hypotheses. The classification of experiments (confirmatory, formative, control; parallel and sequential; laboratory, natural and «pure»), as well as the requirements for organizing an experimental situation are outlined. On the basis of scientific research, the approaches to conducting various types of experiments are characterized, with an emphasis on compliance with the requirements. Special attention is paid to ethical norms and rules for conducting research, the moral code of the scientist-teacher, his/her personal qualities and professional culture, which ensure the effectiveness of professional activity. The importance of responsibility, scientific honesty, humanism and adherence to the principles of safety of participants in the educational process is emphasized. The approaches of Ukrainian and foreign scientists to defining the concept of «pedagogical experiment» are summarized, which demonstrates its universality and significance for the development of pedagogical science and the improvement of educational practice. The prospects for further research in the field of psychological and pedagogical experiment are outlined, which consist in improving methodological approaches, analyzing the data obtained, integrating digital technologies to generalize the results and their further practical testing in the educational process.