FLORISTIC PECULIARITY OF THE PERÉNYI PARK (VYNOHRADIV CITY, ZAKARPATTIA OBLAST)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/1998-6475.2026.60.7Keywords:
phytodiversity, park biotopes, cultivated flora, native and alien species, UkraineAbstract
The results of a study on the floristic diversity of Perényi Park (Vynohradiv city, Berehivskyi Raion, Zakarpattia Oblast, Ukraine), one of the oldest palace and park complexes in Zakarpattia, are presented. A brief historical overview of the Perényi family and the establishment and development of parks and park plantings are provided. The species composition of both cultivated and spontaneous floras is determined, an annotated checklist was compiled, and structural analyses of the flora, including systematic, ecological coenotic, geographical, and biomorphological assessments, as well as fractional ones, according to chronological element, and primary area of the species, were carried out. The phytodiversity of the study area comprises 239 taxa of vascular plants (163 genera, 60 families), of which 207 taxa belong to the spontaneous flora and 66 are cultivated. Within the spontaneous flora, native taxa (140) predominate over alien ones (67), with the latter dominated by kenophytes; 20 ergasiophygophytes and 47 xenophytes were distinguished. In the ecological coenotic spectrum of the native fraction, pratanths (42.9 %) and sylvants (31.4 %) dominate, whereas strong dominance of synanthropants (91.0 %) is observed in the alien ones. The geographical spectrum of the native fraction is represented mainly by widely distributed geo elements: the Palearctic element accounts for 43.6 %, and the combined proportion of Palearctic, Holarctic, and polyregional elements is 54.3 %. In the biomorphological structure of the native fraction, perennial herbs (58.6 %), prevail while annual herbs (59.7 %) dominate in the alien ones; a notable feature is the absence of shrubs among alien species. According to origin of species in the alien fraction, Mediterranean (35.8 %), American (23.9 %), and Asian (19.4 %) origin taxa predominate. Introduced species of American (30.0%) and Asian (27.5%) origin predominate among the cultivated dendroflora. Several of these taxa exhibit clear tendencies toward naturalization (e.g., Acer negundo, Ailanthus altissima, Celtis occidentalis, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Morus alba, Parthenocissus inserta), underscoring the necessity for systematic monitoring of potentially invasive species and the development of appropriate management and control strategies.
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