SOME DOMINANT SYNANTHROPIC VEGETATION COMMUNITIES OF THE TRANSCARPATHIAN LOWLANDS AND PROSPECTS FOR THEIR EXPANSION IN THE CONTEXT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/1998-6475.2023.54.115-122Keywords:
ruderal vegetation, invasive species, Ukrainian Carpathians, ecology, classification, climate aridization, Reynoutria japonica, R. sachalinensis, Heracleum sosnowskyi, Solidago canadensis, Amorpha fruticosa, Ambrosia artemisiifoliaAbstract
The communities dominated by species such as Reynoutria japonica Houtt R. sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) Nakai, R. bohemica J. Chrtek & A. Chrotkova, Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden., Solidago canadensis L., Amorpha fruticosa L., Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. as well as Erigeron canadensis L., Robinia pseudoacacia L., belong to the dominant phytocoenoses within Zakarpattia lowlands. The classification scheme of the investigated vegetation is presented. Three associations of synanthropic vegetation were identified (Ambrosio artemisiifoliae-Xanthietum strumariae Kostylev in Solomakha et al. 1992, Aegopodio-Reynoutrietum sachalinensis Brzeg in Brzeg et Wojterska 2001, Rudbeckio laciniatae-Solidaginetum canadensis Tx. et Raabe ex Fijałkowski 1978) and four derived communities (DC Reynoutria japonica, DC Reynoutria X bohemica, DC Heracleum sosnowskyi, DC Amorpha fruticosa- Urtica dioica). They belong to two classes of synanthropic vegetation (Artemisietea vulgaris Lohmeyer et al. in tx. ex von Rochow 1951, Galio-Urticetea Passarge ex Kopecký 1969) and to one class that does not belong to the list of synanthropic (Salicetea purpureae Moor 1958). The ecological characteristics of the dominant species of these communities were analyzed and compared. A forecast of their development in modern conditions of climate change is made. It was found that the most adapted to climate changes is Ambrosia artemisiifolia and the development of its communities in the future will be progressive. Due to the demanding hydrological regime, such species as Heracleum sosnowskyi, Amorpha fruticosa and Solidago canadensis may lose their coenotic role.
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