Assessment of pain and psychological state at patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction under conditions of military aggression
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/2786-7684/2025-2-9Keywords:
painful temporomandibular joint dysfunction, orofacial pain, stress, anxiety, depressive symptomsAbstract
Introduction. Pain of various localization, intensity, and duration is a dominant feature of temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD) and is often accompanied by psychological disturbances.Objective. To investigate the relationship between the psychological state of individuals with painful TMD and the intensity and localization of pain.Methods. Dental examination, survey, and statistical analysis. The sample included 110 individuals (30 in the control group and 80 in the study group, further divided into four subgroups based on pain localization according to the DC/TMD classification). Inclusion criteria for the study group: compliance with DC/TMD classification criteria, age between 18 and 60 years, intact dental arches, and informed consent.Results. The psychological status of patients with painful TMD was characterized by a "severe" stress level (14.64±5.59 points compared to the norm of ≤7 points), a "very severe" anxiety level (11.18±8.08 points compared to the norm of ≤3 points), and a "moderate" level of depressive symptoms (7.91±8.59 points compared to the norm of ≤4 points) with p<0.05. The most significant deviations from the normative values were observed in the group of patients with TMD-related headache: 16.85±3.40 points for stress, 12.95±2.01 points for anxiety, and 10.73±7.09 points for depressive symptoms, p<0.05. A correlation was found between the "anxiety" indicator and the intensity of pain both at the time of consultation (ρ=0.225; p<0.05) and with the most severe pain experienced in the past six months (ρ=0.361; p<0.05).Conclusions. In patients with painful TMD, pain intensity does not depend on localization or extent of the process. However, patients with local myalgia, irradiating myalgia, and arthralgia exhibited significantly higher levels of stress and anxiety, while patients with TMD-related headache showed elevated levels across all three psychological indicators (stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms).
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