Diagnostics of dystrophic changes of TMJ in patients after injuries of the mandibular by individual markers of bone tissue destruction

Abstract

Introduction. According to statistics, temporomandibular joint disorders at various stages are detected in 25–65% of the adult population.Any pathology that does not allow this complex system, consisting of ligaments, muscles, skull bones and cartilage, to function properly is called TMJ dysfunction. The picture of clinical manifestations of TMJ dysfunction is determined by many factors, which greatly complicates the processes of diagnosing and eliminating the disease. That is why this disease is considered a multidisciplinary one. If necessary, treatment methods can be combined and complement each other. And for the correct treatment of TMJ, as a rule, several specialists are involved at once: an orthopedist-gnathologist, an orthodontist, a therapist, a surgeon. And in some cases, the help of a psychotherapist may be required. TMJ diseases are becoming more and more common, and, unfortunately, they are often confused with “classic” manual dysfunctions (disc dislocation, myofascial pain syndromes). The issue of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pathology is relevant for modern dentistry due to the prevalence and diversity of its clinic. TMJ diseases often resemble pathological processes that are dealt with by specialists of various specialties, which requires dentists to take a special approach both in the examination and in the choice of treatment tactics for this category of patients. Many clinicians focus on the development of tissue structures of the joint as one of the leading factors in the development of TMJ pathology. Such changes are also characteristic of connective tissue dysplasia. Therefore, the study of changes in the structures of the temporomandibular joint and metabolic processes of the body against the background of systemic pathology is a promising direction in dentistry.