CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF TOOTH BRUSHING QUALITY AND THE CONDITION OF PERIODONTAL TISSUES IN CHILDREN 12 AND 15 YEARS OLD LIVING IN RURAL AREAS OF ODESA REGION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/2786-7684/2025-3-2Keywords:
oral hygiene, tooth brushing, schoolchildren, biofilm visualization, plaque disclosing agent, plaque index, gingivitisAbstract
Introduction. Plaque-induced gingivitis is the most common periodontal disease in children and adolescents. Therefore, it is relevant to determine the tooth brushing efficiency in children as the main method of individual removal of dental biofilm. The aim of the study is a comparative analysis of tooth brushing quality and the condition of periodontal tissues in children 12 and 15 years old living in rural areas of Odesa region. Materials and methods. Clinical examination was carried out in 53 schoolchildren, aged 12 and 15 years. Determined: oral hygiene according to the OHI-S index; prevalence (%) and severity of gingivitis by Parma PMA index. The two-tone plaque disclosing agent was used to biofilm visualization. With its application, the early biofilm turns pink, and the “mature” biofilm becomes blue. To objectify the results of tooth staining, the Biofilm Two-Tone Identification Index (BTII) is proposed. The results. Most schoolchildren (52.8%) had poor oral hygiene. In children 12 years old, the OHI-S index was 1.67 ± 0.13 scores, 15 years old – 1.68 ± 0.12 scores. A high prevalence of gingivitis was determined in children 12 years old – 75.0% and 15 years old – 72.7%. The average indicators of the PMA Parma index were 24.22 ± 3.23% in children 12 years old and 20.70 ± 2.25% in children 15 years old. According to most indicators obtained after biofilm two-tone identification, the tooth brushing quality in children 12 years old is worse than in children 15 years old. In 12-year-old children defined: 80.1 ± 4.2% teeth and 68.20 ± 5.80 areas with plaque, index BTII was 3.18 ± 0.17 scores; in 15-year-old: 74.6 ± 4.5% teeth and 64.73 ± 5.64 areas with plaque, BTII – 3.00 ± 0.12 scores. Schoolchildren 12 years old worse brush the frontal teeth (incisors, canines) on both jaws, while children 15 years old – molars, especially on the right side. A strong (r > 0.7) and moderate (r = 0.3–0.7), direct, significant (p < 0.001) correlation was established between all indicators of the level and quality of oral hygiene and the Parma PMA index, which confirmed their significant impact on the condition of periodontal tissues in children 12 and 15 years old. Conclusion. As a result of the comparative analysis of tooth brushing quality by the method of biofilm two-tone visualization, differences and disadvantages of oral care in children 12 and 15 years old were determined, which should be taken into account to improve the tooth brushing technique and improve the motivation of schoolchildren to effectively remove the dental biofilm.
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