ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN THE ORAL CAVITY DURING ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT USING BRACES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/2786-7684/2025-3-7Keywords:
braces, orthodontic treatment, oral microbiome, enamel demineralization during braces treatment, complications during orthodontic treatmentAbstract
Introduction. The use of fixed orthodontic appliances is considered an effective modern method of treating dento-maxillary anomalies and deformations, however, their constant long-term stay in the oral cavity leads to changes in the chemical composition of the oral fluid and microbiome. The aim of the study is to analyze literary sources concerning changes in the oral cavity during treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances. Materials and methods. A search was conducted for scientific studies contained in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases and related to the impact of fixed orthodontic appliances on hard dental tissues. The results. Fixed orthodontic appliances are constantly in the oral cavity of patients, which causes lifestyle disorders, changes the hygienic status, especially in the first weeks of treatment, changes the ratio of components of the oral microflora, elements of the apparatus as retention points (braces, arches, ligatures, springs, rings) become conducive to the accumulation of dental deposits, the prolonged action of dental plaque causes a shift in the pH of the plaque to the acidic side, which leads to a disruption of the metabolic processes of re- and demineralization on the enamel surface with a shift towards demineralization with subsequent formation of defects. Conclusion. Orthodontic treatment with fixed structures should be carried out taking into account the level of resistance of tooth enamel, the cariogenic situation in the oral cavity, microbial aspects, and the aggressiveness of dental plaque. Particular attention should be paid to individual oral hygiene with patient-oriented individualized selection of hygiene methods and means and the psychological characteristics of the patient.
References
Antonova IN, Goncharov VD, Bobrova EA. Issledovanie ul’trastrukturnogo sostoianiia tverdykh tkaneĭ zuba pri éksperimental’nom modelirovanii ortodonticheskogo lecheniia nes’’emnoĭ apparaturoĭ. Stomatologiia. 2017; 96 (3): 5–10. https://doi.org/10.17116/stomat20179635-10
Anuwongnukroh N., Dechkunakorn S., Kanpiputana R. Oral hygiene behavior during fixed orthodontic treatment Dentistry [Internet]. 2017; 7 (10): 1000457. DOI: http:// doi: 10.4172/2161-1122.1000457.
Chauhan A, Mishra N, Patil D, Shinde Kamble S, Sureshkumar Soni J, Gaikwad SS, Singh, R. Impact of Orthodontic Treatment on the Incidence of Dental Caries in Adolescents: A Prospective Cohort Study. Cureus, 2024; 16 (3): e55898. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.55898
Cunha EJ, Auersvald CM, Deliberador TM, at al. Effects of active oxygen toothpaste in supragingival biofilm reduction: a randomized controlled clinical trial. International Journal of Dentistry. 2019: 1–7.
Eltayeb MK, Ibrahim YE, Karim IA, Sanhouri NM. Distribution of white spot lesions among orthodontic patients attending teaching institutes in Khartoum. BMC Oral Health. 2017; 17: 88; DOI 10.1186/s12903-017-0380-7.
Filimonov Yu. Research of biochemical parameters of oral fluid during orthodontic treatment. Ukrainian Dental Almanac. 2018; 2: 21–26.
Flis PS, Savychuk OV, Novakovska GV. et al. Fixed orthodontic appliances – a risk factor for the development of diseases of hard dental tissues and periodontal tissues. Ukrainian Dental Almanac. 2017; 4: 37–39.
Golovko DR, Golovko OS, Marchenko AV, Khmil TA. Assessment of the effectiveness of professional oral hygiene methods during orthodontic treatment. Current problems of modern medicine: Bulletin of the Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy. 2020; 3 (20): 47–50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.20.3.47.
Gurenlian JR. The Role of Dental Plaque Biofilm in Oral Health. J. Dent. Hyg. 2007 Oct; 81 (5): 424–32.
Hancho OV. Oral liquid lysozime estimation as criterion of oral cavity natural resistance state. Aktualni problemy suchasnoi medytsyny. 2014; 2 (42): 25–27.
Holovko NV, Babenko AD. Improved in treatment of chronic hypertrophic gingivitis in orthodontic patients. Ukrainskyi stomatolohichnyi almanakh. 2013; 5: 60–62.
Hossain MS, Biswas I. An Extracelluar Protease, SepM, Generates Functional Competence-Stimulating Peptide in Streptococcus mutans UA 159. J. Bacteriol. 2012 Nov; 194 (21): 5886–96. DOI: 10.1128/JB.01381-12
Hrudianov AY, Isadzhanian KE. [Comparative study of bacterial flora in patients with chronic periodontal diseases assessed by various microbiological methods]. Stomatologiia. 2014; 5: 28–31.
Huang R, Mingyun Li, Richard L. Bacterial interactions in dental biofilm. Virulence. 2011 Sep-Oct; 2 (5): 435–44. DOI: 10.4161/viru.2.5.16140
Hutor NS. Characterization of biochemical parameters changes in oral fluid of the patients with alveolitis. Khirurhichna stomatolohiia. 2013; 3: 56–60.
Isaieva NS. Efficiency of schemes in correction of breach of oral microbiota іn children. Sovremennaia stomatolohyia. 2013; 3: 64–66.
Karad A, Dhole P, Juvvadi SR. White spot lesions in orthodontic patients: an expert opinion [et al.]. J. Int. Oral Health. 2019; 4 (11): 172–180.
Karadas M., Cantekin K., Celikoglu M. Effects of orthodontic treatment with a fixed appliance on the caries experience of patients with high and low risk of caries. J. Dent. Sci. 2011; 6: 195–199
Kaskova LF, Novіkov JeM. Dynamics activity of lysozyme and urease in oral fluid of children with chronic catarrhal gingivitis. Ukrainskyi stomatolohichnyi almanakh. 2013; 1: 84–87.
Kaygisiz E, Uzuner FD, Yuksel S, et al. Effect of self-ligating and conventional brackets on halitosis and periodontal conditions. Angle Orthod. 2015; 3 (85): 468–473.
Klitynska OV, Shetelya VV. Obhruntuvannia vyboru plombuvalnoho materialu z urakhuvanniam stupeniu kariiesrezystentnosti emali zubiv u ditei. Ukraina. Zdorovia natsii. – Ukraine. Health of the nation. 2019; 1 (54): 150–3. https://doi.org/ 10.24144/2077-6594.1.0.2019
Klitynska OV, Stishkovskyy AV, Hasiuk NV, Avetikov DS. Statistical analysis of the impact of clusters on caries prevalence and intensity in children aged 6–7 with different somatic health statuses. Wiadomości lekarskie. 2020; 3 (LXXIII): 434–40. https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek202003104
Klitynska OV, Zorivchak TI. Retrospective analysis of the prevalence of caries of primary teeth and its complications in children of the Transcarpathian region. Journal of Dentistry. 2022; 3 (45,120): 98–103.
Kostenko EYa, Melnyk VS, Gorzov LF. The influence of fixed orthodontic appliances on periodontal tissues (literature review). Young scientist. 2016; 12: 311–315.
Kovach IV, Gutarova NV. Oral hygiene status in young people with orthodontic structures. Bulletin of Marine Medicine. 2020; 1: 81–86. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3773156
Labunets VA. The condition and trends in the development of dental orthopedic care in young people. Ukrainskyi stomatololhichnyi almanakh. 2013; 5: 85–88.
Ledder RG, Madhwani T, McBain AJ. An in vitro evaluation of hydrolytic enzymes as dental plaque control agents. J. Med. Microbiol. 2009 Apr; 58 (4): 482–91. DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.006601-0
Lee J H, Abdullah AA, Yahya NA. Oral hygiene practices among fixed orthodontic patients in a University dental setting. Int. J. Oral Dent. Health. 2016; 2: 1–4.
Lesitsky MYu. Clinical evaluation of the effectiveness of preventive measures aimed at increasing enamel resistance in children with dentofacial anomalies during treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances. Journal of Dentistry. 2022; 4 (121): 79–85.
Lesitskyi MYu Justification of the increase in the resistance of tooth enamel in children during the treatment of dentofacial anomalies with fixed orthodontic appliances. Lviv: Danylo Halytskyi National Medical University. 2023.
Liubarets SF. Predicting the development of caries as a complication of disturbances in tooth formation in children. Bulletin of Problems of Biology and Medicine. 2018; 1 (1, 142): 367–370. DOI: 10.29254/2077-4214-2018-1-1-142-370-374 Available from: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/Vpbm_2018_1%281%29__81
Mandych OV. Dynamics of changes in the proteolytic activity of dental biofilm due to orthodontic treatment with a bracket system. Bulletin of Problems of Biology and Medicine. 2 018; 1 (142): 370–374. DOI:10.29254/2077-4214-2018-1-1-142-370-374
Marsh PD. Dental plaque as a biofilm and a microbial community − implications for health and disease. BMC Oral Health. 2006 Jun 15; 6 (1): 1–14. DOI: 10.1186/1472-6831-6
Nikesh N, Shetty A, Gupta N, Gupta A, Jalan V, Sharma R. Orthodontic bracket designs and their impact on microbial profile and periodontal disease: a clinical trial. J. Orthod. Sci. 2014 Oct-Dec; 3 (4): 125–31. DOI: 10.4103/2278-0203.143233
Pachevska AV, Filimonov YV. Complications in orthodontic treatment of dentofacial anomalies in children (literature review). Ukrainian Dental Almanac. 2017; 2: 79–83.
Pachevska AV, Filimonov YV, Filimonov VYu, Dudik OP [and others]. Clinical and laboratory assessment the levels of oral hygiene, total protein, hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen metabolites in oral fluid in the development of inflammatory complications during orthodontic treatment of children. Wiadomosci Lekarskie. 2019; 5 (72): 744–747 Available from: https://dspace.vnmu.edu.ua/123456789/9513
Romanenko EH. Influence of the interaction of nonspecific protective factors of oral fluid on the parsing of periodontal tissues in children. Ukrainskyi stomatolohichnyi almanakh. 2013; 1: 96–99.
Shabani LF, Begzati A, Dragidella F. et al. The correlation between DMF and OHI-S Index among 10–15 Years Old Children in Kosova. Journal of Dental and Oral Health. 2015; Vol. 1, Issue 1 Available from: https://www.Scientonline.org.
Sousa LF, Barbosa-Martins FD, Nascimento RM. Proteolytic activity of dentin caries-like lesions. Dent. Math. 2016 Feb; 32 (1): 55.
Udod OA, Dramaretska SI. Hygienic condition of the oral cavity in children with orthodontic pathology. Bulletin of Dentistry.2022; 3: 117–122. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35220/2078-8916-2022-45-3.20)
