ORAL MICROBIOME IN CHILDREN WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME DURING THE PERIOD OF TEMPORARY AND TRANSITIONAL OCCLUSION

Abstract

Introduction. The species and quantitative composition of microorganisms that inhabit the oral cavity as an ecosystem is called the oral microbiome, it maintains a normal balance, protects against pathogenic microbes, and participates in the digestion of food. Disturbances in the oral microbiome occur in general somatic diseases, especially in children, dysbiotic changes cause inflammation of the mucous membrane and periodontal tissues, and are also factors in the occurrence of carious lesions of hard dental tissues. The aim – to substantiate statistical differences in the composition of the oral microbiome in children with and without metabolic syndrome during the period of temporary and variable occlusion. Materials and methods. Unstimulated saliva was collected on an empty stomach in the morning with subsequent plating on nutrient media (Columbian blood agar with 5% blood, chromogenic medium and yolk-salt agar with mannitol). Ariesogenic streptococci were additionally cultured using Mitis salivarius agar (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany). Identification of microorganisms was carried out by cultural, morphological and biochemical signs using API-test systems (bioMerieux). Results were expressed in CFU/ml. The results. During the period of alternating occlusion, pathological inflammatory changes in the oral mucosa and periodontal tissues in children with metabolic syndrome are substantiated by significantly higher titers of S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae, E. faecalis (P < 0.001); S. epidermidis (P < 0.05), high concentration of Actin. spp, S. saprophyticus, Bacillus spp, S. aureus, E. coli, Micrococcus with a significantly lower concentration of S. salivarius (P < 0.001); the cariogenic situation is confirmed by significantly higher titers of S. mutans, S. sobrinus, S. viridans (P < 0.05) compared to the indicators in children without metabolic syndrome. Conclusion. In children with metabolic syndrome, during the period of temporary and variable occlusion, the development of inflammatory changes in the oral mucosa and periodontal tissues is justified by dysbiotic changes in the microbiome and suppression of normoflora. The caries situation is confirmed by high titers of cyst-producing streptococci compared to children without metabolic syndrome.