THE MICROBIOME OF THE ORAL CAVITY AND BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS: MODERN IDEAS ABOUT THE INTERSYSTEM RELATIONSHIP OF MICROORGANISMS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/2786-7684/2025-3-12Keywords:
microbiota, microbiome, dysbiosis, periodontitis, bacterial vaginosis, biofilmsAbstract
Introduction. Intersystemic relationships between microbiomes, particularly the link between oral microbiota and the urogenital tract, are gaining relevance due to new evidence on the microbiota’s role in systemic immune homeostasis. This review aims to systematize current knowledge of microbiome-mediated mechanisms potentially involved in the pathogenesis of bacterial vaginosis (BV). Objective. To summarize current evidence on possible intersystemic associations between the oral microbiota and BV, analyze mechanisms of their interaction, taxonomic cross-associations, and evaluate the clinical implications of these findings for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of urogenital disorders. Materials and Methods. A critical review of original studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses was conducted, focusing on oral and vaginal microbiota and their potential interactions. Result. A strong inter-biotope connection has been identified involving Gardnerella vaginalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Prevotella spp., which contribute to biofilm formation and chronic inflammation. Correlation between periodontal pathogens and BV-associated bacteria supports the systemic nature of microbial imbalance and highlights the rationale for combined therapeutic strategies. Conclusions. The findings confirm an intersystemic link between the oral microbiota and bacterial vaginosis. Shared microbial taxa capable of colonizing both environments may contribute to persistent inflammation and recurrent disease. A comprehensive microbiota assessment may improve prognostic accuracy, while integrating dental evaluation into clinical management could enhance treatment outcomes.
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