ROLE OF BIOMARKERS AS A DIAGNOSTIC СRITERIA DURING PERIODONTAL AND PERIIMPLANT PATHOLOGIES EVALUATION
Keywords:
peri-implantitis, periodontitis, biomarkers, diagnostic roleAbstract
Biomarkers can be described as substances, which can help to assess the adequacy of ongoing biological or pathological processes, and assist to evaluate appropriate pharmacological response during complex treatment. Due to the high prevalence of periodontal and implant associated lesions this article is devoted to the study of specific biomarkers peculiar to these pathologies that can be verified in the biological material from oral cavity, such as biochemical (Cystatins, α-glucosidase, Acid phosphatase, Alkaline phosphatase, Aminopeptidase, Lactoferrin, Translactoferrin, IgM, MMP-13, MMP-8, MMP-9), genetic (Cathepsin C genemutation, Collagen gene mutation, IL-1 polymorphisms, IL-10 polymorphisms, Tumor necrosis factor) and microbial (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans,Campylobacter rectus, Mycoplasmas, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Peptostreptococcus icros etc.) biomarkers that are systematized in this article. Also, the role of biomarkers associated with the periodontal and periimplant pathologies that was found in works of other researchers are described in discussion section of the article. The question of clinically-associated and reliable diagnostic biomarkers selection in terms of assessing periimplant or periodontal pathologies remains open in dental science and practice. Relevant biological agents should provide not only confirmation of clinically diagnosed periodontitis or peri-implantitis, but also serve as criteria for evaluating quality of the iatrogenic interventions, and provides prognostic risk assessment pathology occurrence with the definition of related clinically significant diagnostic parameters.
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