Analysis of the prevalence of pulpite as the most common complication of the carious process

Abstract

A significant increase in dental caries complications in children is one of the urgent problems of modern pediatric dentistry, which is due to the high level of prevalence and intensity of this pathological process. The analysis and assessment of the results of epidemiological studies conducted among children of different age groups in the regions of Ukraine indicate a significant increase in caries and pulpitis in recent years in both temporary and permanent teeth, which requires in-depth study and improvement of methods of treatment and prevention of this nosology. Purpose: to conduct a retrospective analysis of the prevalence, intensity of caries of temporary teeth and its complications among children of the western region, as well as the peculiarities of their course, taking into account the endemic features of the Zakarpattia region and its direct influence on the course of the carious process. Materials and methods. The research materials were the scientific developments of domestic and foreign researchers. In the course of the research, the bibliosemantic method and structural-logical analysis were used. The methodological basis of the research was a systematic approach. The results. Analyzing the endemicity of the Transcarpathian region, it becomes clear that the high rates of prevalence, intensity of caries and its complications: pulpitis, periodontitis, are directly related to the insufficient intake of fluorine and iodine in the human body, which leads to an imbalance in the processes of de- and remineralization of enamel, and accordingly, it reduces the level of caries resistance of tooth enamel, which leads primarily to the destruction of the enamel crystal lattice and the appearance of defects in the hard tissues of the teeth with their subsequent destruction. Conclusions. In regions with a low content of fluorides and iodine in drinking water and soil, to which the Transcarpathian region also belongs, there is a significant prevalence and intensity of caries, as well as the percentage of its complications both among children and among the adult population, therefore the determination of these indicators remains relevant today day.