DEVELOPMENT OF CRITICAL THINKING OF STUDENTS DURING THE STUDIES OF NATURAL DISCIPLINES

Abstract

The article is devoted to researching the peculiarities of portfolio technology through the organization of project activities. The essence of the concept of "portfolio" is considered. The analysis of the views of scientists regarding the understanding of the portfolio was carried out. It was determined that the use of pedagogical technologies in the educational process creates prerequisites for improving the quality and effectiveness of education due to compliance with their methodological requirements and technological criteria. Attention is focused on methodological requirements, which act as criteria for the technologability of pedagogical technologies: systematicity, scientificity, structuredness, procedurality. The main criteria of portfolio technology in the context of project activity are highlighted and characterized, such as: conceptuality, systematicity, structuredness, economy, reproducibility. The content of the portfolio is demonstrated, which consists of three blocks (conceptual, procedural and substantive, effective) that reflect the relevant stages of the project (preparatory, implementation, final). The conceptual block contains: a brief description of the problem; materials of used sources and literature; the goal, task of the project; methods, research methods. The process-content block of the portfolio is a kind of accumulator of works that give an idea of the progress of the research. The resulting block displays materials related to the conclusions of the project work. The "business card" of the portfolio of the educational project was developed, its structural components (purpose, functions, tasks, content, typology, methods, means, components, evaluation criteria, principles, result) were considered, and a scheme of the specified sample was presented. It has been proven that all the elements of the business card of the educational project portfolio are interconnected and mutually determined, which confirms their integrity and systematicity. The successful development, implementation and use of a portfolio is an important tool in the process of planning and organizing the project activity of an education seeker in educational institutions.