Antibiotic resistance in microbial biofilms: comparative analysis of antibiotic resistance of biofilm-forming and planktonic forms of the Staphylococcus genus bacteria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/2786-7676/2023.1.06Keywords:
antibiotic resistance, bacterial biofilm, opportunistic bacteria.Abstract
One of the factors that potentiates the formation of antibiotic resistance is the formation of bacteria biofilm. In our study, 210 clinical isolates of microorganisms were isolated from 185 patients with chronic tosyllitis. The dominant microorganisms isolated in 52.5% of cases were bacteria of the family Staphylococcaceae and Streptococcaceae (S. pyogenes), which were detected in 37% of cases. Among staphylococci, S. aureus prevailed (35.7%), S. epidermidis (12%) and S. haemolyticus (4.8%) were isolated less frequently. Studies of isolates isolated from chronic tonsillitis showed that 69 strains of bacteria of the genus Staphylococcus were capable of biofilm formation, among them 50 – S. aureus, 3 – S. haemolyticus and 16 strains of S. epidermidis. That is, 69 (62%) of the 111 studied were biofilm-forming. It was established that the majority of staphylococci that formed a biofilm showed an increased level of resistance to antibiotics and were part of associations. The highest level of resistance among biofilm-resistant isolates of S.aureus was found to the antibiotics ampicillin, tetracycline, doxycycline, clarithromycin, kanamycin, and azithromycin. Among the biofilm-forming isolates of S.aureus, a significantly higher level of resistance to cefuroxime, azithromycin, and tetracycline antibiotics was found. Before fluoroquinolones, no planktonic isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were detected. Among epidermal staphylococci, a similar trend of a higher level of resistance among biofilm-forming isolates was found. This pattern was observed for ampicillin, cephalexin, macrolides, kanamycin, and lincomycin. All planktonic isolates of epidermal staphylococcus were sensitive to fluoroquinolones, among biofilm-forming isolates they were resistant to lomefloxacin. Analysis of the sensitivity of microorganisms to antibiotics is an important component of monitoring studies of the circulation of antibiotic-resistant isolates. At the same time, an important link is the observation of local and regional features of the circulation of antibiotic-resistant strains.
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