Antibiotic and herbal susceptibility of clinical strains of Porphyromonas gingivalis isolated from the oral cavity of patients with generalised periodontitis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/2786-7684/2023-3-18Keywords:
antibiotic resistance of microorganisms, oral microbiota, plant-based compounds, anaerobic microorganisms, periodontal tissueAbstract
Conditionally pathogenic facultative and obligate microbiota, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, are significant contributors to the development of periodontitis and its chronic nature. At the same time, there is an increase in antibiotic resistance in oral microorganisms. Various scientific studies have demonstrated the efficacy of essential oils in treating oral microorganisms in different pathological conditions. The aim of the study was to investigate the sensitivity to antibiotics and essential oils of clinical isolates of Porphyromonas gingivalis. This research utilised clinical strains isolated from the sites of oral inflammatory processes in 15 patients with periodontitis. Antibiotic susceptibility of isolated strains of Porphyromonas gingivalis was ascertained through disc diffusion method following EUCAST (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing) standards. We also tested the susceptibility of the isolated cultures of Porphyromonas gingivalis against plant-based compounds, namely essential oils, through agar diffusion method using wells that have an 8 mm diameter. The diameter of the inhibition zones was measured, including the well with essential oil at 8 mm. Tests were replicated at least three times and results were processed using the statistical software STATISTICA StatSoft, calculating the mean (M) and its error (m). During the study, it was discovered that the essential oils derived from Pinus sylvestris L., Eucalyptus salicifolia Cav., and Origanum vulgare L. exhibit significant antibacterial properties against clinical strains of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Conversely, the essential oils extracted from Thymus serpyllum L. and Mentha piperita L. exhibited low antimicrobial activity against the isolated strains. Moxifloxacin showed the highest antibacterial effect among antibiotics, with 12 sensitive strains. Erythromycin had the lowest efficacy out of the studied strains of Porphyromonas gingivalis, with only four strains being susceptible. Clindamycin and metronidazole had similar low efficacy, with only three strains each being susceptible.
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